Which statement correctly identifies HF type and EF range?

Which statement correctly identifies HF type and EF range?

• A. HFrEF: EF ≤40%
• B. HFmrEF: EF ≥50%
• C. HFpEF: EF 30-40%
• D. HFimpEF: EF 60-70%

Answer: (A)

Understanding how heart failure is classified by ejection fraction helps clarify prognosis and treatment. Reduced EF means the heart’s pumping ability is diminished, defined as an ejection fraction of 40% or less. There’s an intermediate category with EF roughly 41–49%, and preserved EF is generally 50% or higher. HF with improved EF refers to patients who started with reduced EF and then had improvement, but it isn’t defined by a fixed high range like 60–70%. The correct statement is that reduced EF corresponds to EF ≤40%. The other options misstate the standard ranges for the categories or describe an EF value not used to define HF with improved EF.

Understanding how heart failure is classified by ejection fraction helps clarify prognosis and treatment. Reduced EF means the heart’s pumping ability is diminished, defined as an ejection fraction of 40% or less. There’s an intermediate category with EF roughly 41–49%, and preserved EF is generally 50% or higher. HF with improved EF refers to patients who started with reduced EF and then had improvement, but it isn’t defined by a fixed high range like 60–70%. The correct statement is that reduced EF corresponds to EF ≤40%. The other options misstate the standard ranges for the categories or describe an EF value not used to define HF with improved EF.